Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Two additional problems leading to still further complexity in mammals should be mentioned at this time. Both stem from the fact that many mammals rely heavily on a combination of senses in their cont... Two additional problems leading to still further complexity in mammals should be mentioned at this time. Both stem from the fact that many mammals rely heavily on a combination of senses in their continual assessment of their surroundings. Thus olfactory cues are usually not used exclusively as determinants of a particular behavioral response and, in addition, an exceedingly large variety of olfactory cues used by mammals...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
You might think that there is not a whole lot you can do to adjust your pheromone cycle. But there is. Beginning in 1974, when I was a graduate student and teaching fellow, I sent teams of undergradua... You might think that there is not a whole lot you can do to adjust your pheromone cycle. But there is. Beginning in 1974, when I was a graduate student and teaching fellow, I sent teams of undergraduate biology students armed with questionnaires, clipboards, and stethoscopes to solicit participation in a series of studies that varied as they progressed. Pheromones have been...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Although males’ initial responses to virgin and old mated queens were similar, they attempted to mate with young queens but not old ones (Free, 1971). Differences in the urge to mate could be ac... Although males’ initial responses to virgin and old mated queens were similar, they attempted to mate with young queens but not old ones (Free, 1971). Differences in the urge to mate could be accounted for by differences in the amount and composition of the queens’ sex attractant, or some other odour change associated with age or ovary development. Free (1971) found that the head and thorax...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The emergent beetle is exposed to new environmental conditions such as sunlight, uctuating relative humidity, wind and heat. At this point in their life cycle, scolytids are characteristically ight ... The emergent beetle is exposed to new environmental conditions such as sunlight, uctuating relative humidity, wind and heat. At this point in their life cycle, scolytids are characteristically ight positive. Many of the physiological criteria governing emergence must also govern readiness to y. In addition, emergence periodicity is apparently reected in the diet ight rhythms of many scolytids (Daterman et al. 1965; Gara 1963; Vité et al. 1964). The environmental...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
There is little more evidence for specificity in the Danaiinae. Chemicals are different for each of the species identified (g. 7.1), although only one, the ketone, has been shown to have biological a... There is little more evidence for specificity in the Danaiinae. Chemicals are different for each of the species identified (g. 7.1), although only one, the ketone, has been shown to have biological activity. Antennae of the monarch (which lacks the ketone) respond equally to hair-pencils of the queen, to Lycorea ceres, and to the pure ketone. (2) Pliske and Eisner (1969) suggested that, since the diol from...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Disruptive selection against the pheromone system could accommodate the co- existence of two species which use the same pheromones but occupy different niches. Cross attraction could result in intersp... Disruptive selection against the pheromone system could accommodate the co- existence of two species which use the same pheromones but occupy different niches. Cross attraction could result in interspecic mating or, in the case of bark beetles, increased cohabitation and mutually disadvantageous competition for the same host material. Perhaps pheromone variability between eastern and western 1. pini (Lanier et al. l972) resulted from disruptive selection for pheromone specificity with respect to...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Synthetic pheromone simulating that of drone brood and adult drones could be used to prevent drone rearing. Synthetic pheromones of drone comb could be used to reduce the amount of drone comb built in... Synthetic pheromone simulating that of drone brood and adult drones could be used to prevent drone rearing. Synthetic pheromones of drone comb could be used to reduce the amount of drone comb built in the brood area of a colony. Meanwhile this can be achieved by using drone comb in the honey storage areas of hives. The synthetic Nasonov lure, being produced commercially, is already being...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Sex pheromones in the reproductive isolation of lepidopterous species matter. Throughout millions of metamorphoses, evolutionary processes in the Lepidoptera have resulted in many differences in morph... Sex pheromones in the reproductive isolation of lepidopterous species matter. Throughout millions of metamorphoses, evolutionary processes in the Lepidoptera have resulted in many differences in morphology, biology and behavior; not the least subtle of these changes being in the chemical communication systems developed by the various species. Most moth species utilize chemical emanations as a primary stimulus in their specialized mating behavior and the evidence is increasing that in many instances these specialized olfactory...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Male Ips pini (Say) horing in pine logs produced an odor which attracted large numbers of beetles from the surrounding forest. Since that time, the top pheromones which promote populatlon aggregation ... Male Ips pini (Say) horing in pine logs produced an odor which attracted large numbers of beetles from the surrounding forest. Since that time, the top pheromones which promote populatlon aggregation have been demonstrated in over 30 species (Borden and Stokink 1971). Chemical identications and/or structures have been described for the pheromones of several species (see table 8.1). A considerable body of data has also accumulated on behavior...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Thus, the hybrid was most responsive to hybrid males because the mixture of pheromones would excite the maximum number of pheromone receptors. The least complex genetic situation possible is single lo... Thus, the hybrid was most responsive to hybrid males because the mixture of pheromones would excite the maximum number of pheromone receptors. The least complex genetic situation possible is single loci for pheromone and pheromone receptor type. Thus, the genotype for receptors would be TP and those of the backcross to pilifrons would be zTP and PP. The response of backcross females with the TP genotype is expected to...