Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The maximum distance over which a ‘receiver’ insect can orient to pheromone emitted by a ‘sender’ insect depends upon many factors including: 1) pheromone emission rate of the ... The maximum distance over which a ‘receiver’ insect can orient to pheromone emitted by a ‘sender’ insect depends upon many factors including: 1) pheromone emission rate of the sender; 2) behavioral threshold for response to the pheromone by the receiver; 3) wind velocity; 4) length of time the sender releases pheromone; 5) ight speed of the receiver. The first three factors establish the foundation for estimating the theoretical maximum distance of...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
It is possible that urination in mice replaces the specialized pheromone setting behaviors in other species, since it appears to be under a certain degree of social control. Reynolds (1971) estimated ... It is possible that urination in mice replaces the specialized pheromone setting behaviors in other species, since it appears to be under a certain degree of social control. Reynolds (1971) estimated the amount of urination occurring in encounters between cage owning mice and visitors of both sexes to home cages by measuring the area of urine, as revealed by the blot on the absorbent paper lining of the...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The pheromones expressed the idea that animals use visual, acoustic and olfactory methods to mark the possession of space (Hediger 1944, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1956). The role of odor in the behavior of an... The pheromones expressed the idea that animals use visual, acoustic and olfactory methods to mark the possession of space (Hediger 1944, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1956). The role of odor in the behavior of animals generally, and in territoriality particularly, has been reviewed recently (Gleason and Reynierse 1969; Ewer 1968; Mykytowycz 1970, 1972; Ralls 1971). Pheromone scent deposited in the space becomes a substitute for the animal...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Pheromones are found in rabbit litters are deposited in specially dug breeding chambers which, prior to parturition are lined with grass which is usually dry, and fur which the doe plucks from her bel... Pheromones are found in rabbit litters are deposited in specially dug breeding chambers which, prior to parturition are lined with grass which is usually dry, and fur which the doe plucks from her belly, chest and anks. Presumably this fur carries the scent of the female pheromones, particularly the inguinal scent, with which the kittens become familiar very early in their lives. The mother also deposits...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
In addition, a variety of studies have shown that neither anosmia nor blinding exert strong effects on pituitary gonadotropin content by themselves but in combination these procedures can drastically ... In addition, a variety of studies have shown that neither anosmia nor blinding exert strong effects on pituitary gonadotropin content by themselves but in combination these procedures can drastically alter hormonal secretion in rats (e.g. Donofrio and Reiter 1972; see also Orbach and Kling 1966). Apparently then the rat has the capacity to use male- but not female- originating primers but long domestication has ensured that their reproduction is not...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
With the top pheromones, they could be used as temporary measures until synthetic brood and queen pheromones are available. On most crops honeybees collecting pollen are more effective as pollinators... With the top pheromones, they could be used as temporary measures until synthetic brood and queen pheromones are available. On most crops honeybees collecting pollen are more effective as pollinators than those collecting nectar only. Increasing the amount of brood pheromone which stimulates pollen collection in particular, should also increase pollina- tion. Until relevant synthetic brood pheromone is available minor and inexpensive adaptations to hives that direct foragers to the...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Wynne-Edwards (1962), while discussing the problem of pheromonal homeostasis, i.e. self regulation of natural populations of animals, introduced the concept of ‘epideictic displays’. He s... Wynne-Edwards (1962), while discussing the problem of pheromonal homeostasis, i.e. self regulation of natural populations of animals, introduced the concept of ‘epideictic displays’. He suggested that these are necessary to allow animals to regulate their pheromone numbers and that the special sites on which animals deposit their scent are part of these displays. Most frequently these special sites for scent deposition are dung- hills. Many species of animals form dung-hills (Altmann 1969; Mykytowycz and Gambale...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
D. brevicomis and D. pseudotsugae, both of which are attracted to frontalin, could be maintained by the terpenes 3-carene and camphene in the respective host species (Pitman and Vité 1970). Subsequent... D. brevicomis and D. pseudotsugae, both of which are attracted to frontalin, could be maintained by the terpenes 3-carene and camphene in the respective host species (Pitman and Vité 1970). Subsequently it was found that oz-pinene is interchangeable with camphene in the D. pseudotsugae attractant (Rudinsky et al. 1972a) and that myrcene is a superior terpene synergist for the D. brevicomis attractant (Bedard et al. 1969). Detailed examination of...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Different patterns of pheromone distribution of sympatric genetically related species, capable of breeding under laboratory conditions, assist speciation. Young rabbits still at nestling stage, when g... Different patterns of pheromone distribution of sympatric genetically related species, capable of breeding under laboratory conditions, assist speciation. Young rabbits still at nestling stage, when given the choice between articial nests with and without rabbit odor, display apreference for the nests which had the scent of their own species (Gambale and Dudzinski, unpublished). Specific odor of Pheromones There is ample evidence that when animals enter the area of a strange population they can detect...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Identication of the chemical components of the Nasonov pheromone has been a slow process and may not yet be completed. Those so far identied are given in Table 13.1 and Fig. 13.1. Table 13.1 Identi... Identication of the chemical components of the Nasonov pheromone has been a slow process and may not yet be completed. Those so far identied are given in Table 13.1 and Fig. 13.1. Table 13.1 Identication of components of Nasonov pheromone. The tentative identication by Weaver et al. (1964) of citral as a minor component of the Nasonov pheromone was conrmed by Shearer and Boch (1966)....